Spectroscopic Tools to Investigate the Electrochemical Doping Kinetics and Efficiency in Organic Semiconductors

Understanding the electrochemical doping of organic semiconductors plays a crucial role in current development electronics. In this short review, we present how temperature- and time- dependent visible-near-infrared (Vis-NIR) spectro-electrochemistry terahertz spectroscopy, combined with multivariate curve resolution analysis, can inform on fundamental mechanisms governing kinetics efficiency two archetypal semiconducting polymers (PEDOT P3HT). We highlight experimental procedures data analysis performed to access (i) thermodynamic parameters driving extent dynamics reactions doped systems (ii) density nature charged species (polarons, bipolarons) impact charge carrier delocalization, effective THz mobility hence short-range conductivity.